Toner

In the early morning when I wake up, I would like to greet my brand new day by washing up my face (I brush my teeth 1st of course!). I feel refresh after doing that.
After washing my face by using the cleanser, I will follow up by the toner and then the day treatment.
I am so curious about the toner. What is the main function of applying it on our face?
According to the information I got, the main function of applying toner is to cleanse the skin and shrink pores on our face.
For Nu Skin's toner that I'm using, the key ingredients of the toner will be the potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate, Salicylic acid, Licorice extract (Dipotassium glycyrrhizate) and Zinc PCA.

Potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate refers to a special union of vitamins C and E. Potassium ascorbyl tocopheryl phosphate helps to restores the natural antioxidant supply that is lost when your skin is fighting breakouts. Besides, it also helps to restores our skin vibrancy.

On the other hand, the toner also contains salicylic acid, which is a beta hydroxy acid that able to penetrates pores to eliminate most blemishes.

Licorice extract (dipotassium glycyrrhizate) soothes the skin and helps reduce the appearance of redness that might occur on our face.

Lastly, the toner also helps to control the secretion of oil from our face. The zinc PCA controls oil by helping to prevent shine and future breakouts.

Sedilix-DM

The climax recently in our country is unpredictable. Besides, H1N1 and the haze also invading our country. Many people fall sick due to the devastating climate in the pass few months including me, myself.

My dad felled sick too. I think he was infected by me. He has cough, flu and fever badly. And so, he went to consult a doctor. He was given some medicines by the doctor. The one I spotted is Sedilix-DM because this medicine is so familiar to me. I remembered last time when I got fever, the doctor also gave me exactly the same medicine.

Then, I started to look at it contents.

From the info mentioned, each 5ml of Sedilix-DM contains 15mg of Dextromethrophan Hbr, 3.125mg of Promethazine HCl, 30mg of Pseudoephedrine HCl and 0.125% of Parabens as preservative.

Sedilix-DM can relieves dry irritating cough, runny nose, sneezing, stuffy nose and itchy & watery eyes.

So, I tried to search it out. From the web, I knew that Dextromethrophan Hbr is an antitussive drug. It is a medicinal drug that used to treat coughing and related conditions. It can also used to relief pain in psychological applications. The empirical formula for Dextromethrophan Hbr is C₁₈H₂₅NO•HBr•H2O.

Besides, Promethazine HCl is a racemic compound. The empirical formula is C10H15NO•HCl while its molecular weight is 320.88. It is also consider as a medical drug that used to cure coughing and those related conditions.

Pseudoephedrine HCl is a decongestant. It is found in various cold, sinus and allergy medications. It is used for the treatment of nasal congestion due to allergies or the commom cold. Furthermore, it can also used to relieve sinus congestion and pressure.

Pseudoephedrine HCl helps to relieve nasal and sinus congestion by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors in the lining of the nose and sinuses. The action causes the blood vessels to constrict and then allowing less fluid to leave the blood vessels and decreasing inflammation. Moreover, the empirical formula for Pseudoephedrine HCl is C32H39NO4·HCl.

There are some side effects of in taking those 3 chemicals such as drowsiness(dizziness), nausea, vomitting and etc.

Lastly, the parabens are a group of chemicals that used as preservatives in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Besides, there are also used as food additives.

Fertilizer

The fertilizers are widely used in our daily life such as gardening and farming. Fertilizers are chemical compounds that use to accelerate the growth of plants and the crops.
Basically, the fertilizers are classified into 2 categories which are organic fertilizer (a.k.a “natural” fertilizer) and non-organic fertilizer (a.k.a mineral fertilizer). There are 2 applications of fertilizers onto the plants. The first one will be applying the fertilizers in the soil so that the plant can absorbs the fertilizers from the roots. However, the second one is by foliar feeding which is the absorption of fertilizers from the leaves.
The purpose we use fertilizer is to provide the proper nutrients to the plants. Sometimes, the content in the soil might not sufficient for the plant to grow properly. The major nutrients that are needed by a plant are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium which is also known as N-P-K. Besides, the plants also needed calcium, sulfur, magnesium, trace elements, boron, chlorine, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum and selenium.

I wish to be more concern on Nitrogen fertilizer on my passage here.
The fertilizer is named as nitrogen fertilizer if the main element of the fertilizer is Nitrogen. Compounds of nitrogen are essential for plant growth, as nitrogen is needed for making proteins and so helps the development of healthy green leaves and strong stems. Nitrogen fertilizer is usually manufactured by the Haber process (Haber Bosch Process). During the Haber process, nitrogen and hydrogen are combined at the temperature of 350–500°C/660–930°F, with the pressure of 80–200 atmospheres, and the iron is used as a catalyst.

The equation for nitrogen in Haber process is:-
N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3

This process will also produced ammonia. However, Most of the ammonia is used to make fertilizers, such as ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulphate. Another major use of ammonia is to make nitric acid, which is also used to make fertilizers. Besides, ammonia is also used to combine with rock phosphate and potassium fertilizer to produce compound fertilizer in Odda Process.

Nitrogen fertilizer is essential for the field such as the growing of maize, barley, sorghum, rapeseed, soya bean and sunflower.